AI Adoption Barriers for SMEs in Addis Ababa: A TOE-Based Analysis within the Digital Ethiopia 2025 Framework

Vol. 3, Issue 2 • July 1, 2026

Efe Yenice

This note proposes a phenomenological interpretation of magnetically driven bouncy structures in galactic disks based on the competition be tween advective transport and magnetic diffusion. The system is charac terized by the magnetic Reynolds number, defined as the product of char acteristic velocity and length divided by magnetic diffusivity. Enhanced conductivity and shear-driven flows increase this quantity, favoring mag netic field amplification over dissipation. In barred galaxy environments, strong velocity shear amplifies mag netic fields through induction effects, leading to localized increases in magnetic and turbulent pressure. When combined with reduced effec tive density, the Alfven speed increases, enabling more efficient transport of energy along magnetic field lines. The resulting imbalance between magnetic pressure, turbulence, and gravitational confinement may generate transient vertical expansion re gions referred to as bouncy regimes, accompanied by synchrotron emission and particle energization. These regions can act as channels for filament formation and disk-halo outflows in strongly magnetized, shear dominated galactic systems.

Vol. 2, Issue 10 • March 27, 2026

Khushi Meena

The legal concept of sexual consent forms the foundation of sexual offence legislation, yet its definition and application differ significantly across jurisdictions. These differences influence judicial interpretation, legal certainty, and public understanding of individual rights and responsibilities. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks governing sexual consent in India, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. It examines statutory definitions, judicial interpretation, and the extent to which each jurisdiction adopts an autonomy-based approach to consent. While Indian law provides a statutory definition of consent, its practical application is complicated by overlapping legislation, age-based provisions, and exceptions relating to marital relationships. In contrast, the legal frameworks of the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia define consent more explicitly as voluntary, informed, and ongoing agreement, placing greater emphasis on personal autonomy and affirmative participation. Through comparative legal analysis, this study argues that clearer and more consistent definitions of consent contribute to greater legal certainty, improved judicial consistency, and enhanced public understanding. The findings highlight the importance of coherent legal standards in strengthening access to justice and promoting the protection of sexual autonomy.

Vol. 2, Issue 10 • March 11, 2026

Mohamed Ibrahim Al-Saeed Isa

This research explores the relationship between the soul and consciousness through a new concept based on the fabrics of normal and inverted spacetime. The concept builds on earlier theoretical work, including the Theory of Everything and the Law of the Universe. In this framework, the soul is not identical to consciousness; rather, the soul is proposed as a normal spacetime fabric that moves from the future toward the past and tends toward order, reducing entropy within living cells. This idea aligns with the observation by Erwin Schrödinger that living systems maintain lower entropy. Consciousness, in contrast, is described as an inverted spacetime fabric that moves from the past toward the future, increasing entropy. The interaction between these two fabrics produces the present moment. Human perception of the present exists within a balance between the states of the individual, the planet, and the universe. Within this framework, consciousness and the soul are not fixed entities but dynamic processes whose interaction shapes awareness, entropy, and the experience of time.