On June 11, 2026, Sonatype researchers disclosed a large-scale supply chain attack against the Arch User Repository (AUR), dubbed Atomic Arch. Attackers systematically claimed ownership of abandoned AUR packages through AUR's standard orphan adoption process, then modified the packages' PKGBUILD files to inject a malicious npm dependency during installation. The dependency delivered a Rust-based infostealer and, when root access was available, an eBPF rootkit. By June 13, the estimated number of compromised packages had grown from 400 to approximately 1,500-1,600.
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On June 11, 2026, Sonatype researchers disclosed a large-scale supply chain attack against the Arch User Repository (AUR), dubbed Atomic Arch. Attackers systematically claimed ownership of abandoned AUR packages through AUR's standard orphan adoption process, then modified the packages' PKGBUILD files to inject a malicious npm dependency during installation. The dependency delivered a Rust-based infostealer and, when root access was available, an eBPF rootkit. By June 13, the estimated number of compromised packages had grown from 400 to approximately 1,500-1,600.
This study investigated the economic and managerial impact of multinational corporation entry on micro, small and medium enterprises in Vadodara, Gujarat. City-level evidence on this relationship is limited, so a questionnaire survey of 40 enterprise owners and managers was conducted, supported by secondary data from government reports, academic journals and industry publications. Revenue declined for 42.5% of respondents, while 35% reported growth and 22.5% reported no change. The pattern differed by sector: retail had the highest decline rate (3 of 6 firms, 50%) and food and beverage the highest growth rate (3 of 6, 50%), although these subgroups were small. Employment was largely stable, with 85% of enterprises maintaining or increasing their workforce. Improved customer service was the most common response to competition (47.5%), followed by quality improvement (42.5%). The findings suggest that multinational entry produced a varied rather than uniformly negative effect, and that local firms competed mainly through service and quality. The sample was small and cross-sectional, so the results are descriptive and do not establish causation. Impact of MNCs on MSMEs in Vado…
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This study investigated the economic and managerial impact of multinational corporation entry on micro, small and medium enterprises in Vadodara, Gujarat. City-level evidence on this relationship is limited, so a questionnaire survey of 40 enterprise owners and managers was conducted, supported by secondary data from government reports, academic journals and industry publications. Revenue declined for 42.5% of respondents, while 35% reported growth and 22.5% reported no change. The pattern differed by sector: retail had the highest decline rate (3 of 6 firms, 50%) and food and beverage the highest growth rate (3 of 6, 50%), although these subgroups were small. Employment was largely stable, with 85% of enterprises maintaining or increasing their workforce. Improved customer service was the most common response to competition (47.5%), followed by quality improvement (42.5%). The findings suggest that multinational entry produced a varied rather than uniformly negative effect, and that local firms competed mainly through service and quality. The sample was small and cross-sectional, so the results are descriptive and do not establish causation. Impact of MNCs on MSMEs in Vado…
General relativity and quantum mechanics provide highly successful descriptions of nature at macroscopic and microscopic scales, respectively, but their conventional formulations are difficult to reconcile in places where strong gravitational fields and quantum effects become simultaneous. This incompatibility between such important theories motivates the development of a consistent theory of quantum gravity. The paper presents a comparative review of the physical motivation for quantum gravity and further examines four major theoretical approaches: string theory, loop quantum gravity, causal dynamic triangulations, and emergent gravity. This review discusses the treatment of spacetime, gravity, and quantum effects within each framework, along with their principal theoretical advantages and unresolved limitations. Particular attention is given to black holes, spacetime singularities, and the black hole information paradox, and the difficulty of obtaining experimental constraints at the Planck scale. The comparison demonstrates that, despite substantial theoretical progress, no existing approach has yet received decisive experimental confirmation. Future advances in gravitational-wave observations, cosmology, high-energy physics, and quantum information-based methods may provide constraints on competing models and improve our understanding of the quantum structure of spacetime
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General relativity and quantum mechanics provide highly successful descriptions of nature at macroscopic and microscopic scales, respectively, but their conventional formulations are difficult to reconcile in places where strong gravitational fields and quantum effects become simultaneous. This incompatibility between such important theories motivates the development of a consistent theory of quantum gravity. The paper presents a comparative review of the physical motivation for quantum gravity and further examines four major theoretical approaches: string theory, loop quantum gravity, causal dynamic triangulations, and emergent gravity. This review discusses the treatment of spacetime, gravity, and quantum effects within each framework, along with their principal theoretical advantages and unresolved limitations. Particular attention is given to black holes, spacetime singularities, and the black hole information paradox, and the difficulty of obtaining experimental constraints at the Planck scale. The comparison demonstrates that, despite substantial theoretical progress, no existing approach has yet received decisive experimental confirmation. Future advances in gravitational-wave observations, cosmology, high-energy physics, and quantum information-based methods may provide constraints on competing models and improve our understanding of the quantum structure of spacetime
Antimicrobial-resistance surveillance summaries may report resistance separately by antibiotic while omitting the within-isolate co-occurrence structure needed to describe multidrug states. This study evaluated how much information about an all-five nonsusceptible state can be recovered from marginal antibiotic frequencies, whether pairwise information narrows that uncertainty, and whether relationships identified in an early period remain valid later. Historical Indian ATLAS records for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were analysed; the source manuscript reports 641 target-species records, of which 544 had complete results for five prespecified antibiotics. For each organism, the observed all-five nonsusceptible frequency was compared with an independence estimate formed by multiplying the five separate frequencies and with feasible ranges constrained first by the five marginals alone and then by every drug-pair frequency. For K. pneumoniae, the observed all-five state was 16.54%, compared with 1.17% under the independence approximation; the marginal-only feasible range was 0–22.06%, and the pair-informed range was 14.34–19.12%. For E. coli, the corresponding values were 5.51%, 0.18%, 0–6.99%, and 5.15–5.88%. Temporal validation showed that a later K. pneumoniae burden of 25/72 (34.7%) exceeded the early-information upper bound of 16.5% and the reported 97.5th bootstrap percentile of 21.5%. These findings show that higher-order joint resistance is not identified by marginal frequencies alone and that pairwise information can materially narrow the feasible range in the analysed data, while temporal transportability of such relationships is not guaranteed. The study uses historical, non-nationally representative data and does not estimate current Indian prevalence, recommend treatment, or justify reduced clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
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Antimicrobial-resistance surveillance summaries may report resistance separately by antibiotic while omitting the within-isolate co-occurrence structure needed to describe multidrug states. This study evaluated how much information about an all-five nonsusceptible state can be recovered from marginal antibiotic frequencies, whether pairwise information narrows that uncertainty, and whether relationships identified in an early period remain valid later. Historical Indian ATLAS records for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were analysed; the source manuscript reports 641 target-species records, of which 544 had complete results for five prespecified antibiotics. For each organism, the observed all-five nonsusceptible frequency was compared with an independence estimate formed by multiplying the five separate frequencies and with feasible ranges constrained first by the five marginals alone and then by every drug-pair frequency. For K. pneumoniae, the observed all-five state was 16.54%, compared with 1.17% under the independence approximation; the marginal-only feasible range was 0–22.06%, and the pair-informed range was 14.34–19.12%. For E. coli, the corresponding values were 5.51%, 0.18%, 0–6.99%, and 5.15–5.88%. Temporal validation showed that a later K. pneumoniae burden of 25/72 (34.7%) exceeded the early-information upper bound of 16.5% and the reported 97.5th bootstrap percentile of 21.5%. These findings show that higher-order joint resistance is not identified by marginal frequencies alone and that pairwise information can materially narrow the feasible range in the analysed data, while temporal transportability of such relationships is not guaranteed. The study uses historical, non-nationally representative data and does not estimate current Indian prevalence, recommend treatment, or justify reduced clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Early and accurate prediction of the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease represents a major medical challenge, since years of pathological changes precede the first clinical sign of cognitive decline. So far, clinical prediction has relied on the analysis of individual biomarkers or, at best, data from a limited number of modalities. However, the complex and largely unknown biological mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of the disease make it unlikely that a single biomarker or a single data modality will allow robust prediction of disease in individual subjects or of the rate of progression in already affected subjects. There is therefore a strong need for machine learning algorithms that integrate, within a unifying framework, the different classes of data generated in the context of precision medicine. Here, a framework of multimodal machine learning is presented and its potential for early prediction is discussed, with special emphasis on individualised risk assessment, explainable artificial intelligence and precision neurology. A series of limitations that may hinder implementation of the proposed framework in the clinical setting is also presented. These limitations are largely due to the heterogeneity of the different classes of data, the lack of large multimodal patient cohorts, the lack of external validation of performance, and the lack of model interpretability. By using models that are both interpretable by humans and validated against clinical endpoints, it may be possible to move towards more individualised methods of early prediction of Alzheimer's disease.
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Early and accurate prediction of the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease represents a major medical challenge, since years of pathological changes precede the first clinical sign of cognitive decline. So far, clinical prediction has relied on the analysis of individual biomarkers or, at best, data from a limited number of modalities. However, the complex and largely unknown biological mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of the disease make it unlikely that a single biomarker or a single data modality will allow robust prediction of disease in individual subjects or of the rate of progression in already affected subjects. There is therefore a strong need for machine learning algorithms that integrate, within a unifying framework, the different classes of data generated in the context of precision medicine. Here, a framework of multimodal machine learning is presented and its potential for early prediction is discussed, with special emphasis on individualised risk assessment, explainable artificial intelligence and precision neurology. A series of limitations that may hinder implementation of the proposed framework in the clinical setting is also presented. These limitations are largely due to the heterogeneity of the different classes of data, the lack of large multimodal patient cohorts, the lack of external validation of performance, and the lack of model interpretability. By using models that are both interpretable by humans and validated against clinical endpoints, it may be possible to move towards more individualised methods of early prediction of Alzheimer's disease.
The rapid growth of Byju’s made it one of India’s most prominent ed-tech companies, but its financial difficulties later resulted in a series of restructuring exercises and large-scale employee exits. From 2022 onwards, thousands of employees were reportedly removed as the company attempted to reduce costs, manage cash flow and deal with disputes involving investors and lenders. The manner in which some employees were terminated, particularly reports of termination through phone calls without a notice period, raised important questions about employment contracts, notice pay, retrenchment protection and final settlement of employee dues. This article examines the Byju’s mass layoffs from the legal perspective of employment contracts and severance norms in India. It discusses the difference between contractual termination and statutory retrenchment, the importance of notice clauses, compensation requirements applicable to protected workers, and the practical remedies available to employees. The article also considers a 2025 Labour Court award involving a former Byju’s employee to show how proof of employment, the correct employer and evidence of termination can become decisive in an employment dispute.
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The rapid growth of Byju’s made it one of India’s most prominent ed-tech companies, but its financial difficulties later resulted in a series of restructuring exercises and large-scale employee exits. From 2022 onwards, thousands of employees were reportedly removed as the company attempted to reduce costs, manage cash flow and deal with disputes involving investors and lenders. The manner in which some employees were terminated, particularly reports of termination through phone calls without a notice period, raised important questions about employment contracts, notice pay, retrenchment protection and final settlement of employee dues. This article examines the Byju’s mass layoffs from the legal perspective of employment contracts and severance norms in India. It discusses the difference between contractual termination and statutory retrenchment, the importance of notice clauses, compensation requirements applicable to protected workers, and the practical remedies available to employees. The article also considers a 2025 Labour Court award involving a former Byju’s employee to show how proof of employment, the correct employer and evidence of termination can become decisive in an employment dispute.
Pharmaceutical packaging fulfils protective, informational, ergonomic, marketing, and environmental functions; however, the paper leaflet has long ceased to meet the requirements of contemporary digital society, generating considerable environmental and economic costs at scale. Under Federal Law No. 61-FZ "On the Circulation of Medicinal Products," product information must be communicated to the consumer in an accessible and comprehensible form - a requirement that a digital format can fulfil far more effectively. This work proposes a concept of rational packaging comprising the replacement of the paper leaflet with an electronic version accessible via a QR code placed on the box or blister, together with the use of the biodegradable polymer PLA (polylactic acid) as the blister material. A survey of 153 respondents revealed that 72% do not read leaflets in full, 68% are willing to use a QR code, and 65% support a complete transition to electronic format. A comparative economic calculation of three packaging prototypes identified a saving of RUB 10.6 per unit when transitioning to digital format without changing the blister material, equivalent to more than RUB 1,060,000 and approximately 290,000 sheets of paper saved per batch of 100,000 units. Comparison with international research confirms the universal nature of the identified problems and the validity of the proposed solutions, which comply with GOST 17768-90, Federal Law No. 61-FZ, the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (14th edition), and align with European Medicines Agency and FDA documents on electronic patient information.
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Pharmaceutical packaging fulfils protective, informational, ergonomic, marketing, and environmental functions; however, the paper leaflet has long ceased to meet the requirements of contemporary digital society, generating considerable environmental and economic costs at scale. Under Federal Law No. 61-FZ "On the Circulation of Medicinal Products," product information must be communicated to the consumer in an accessible and comprehensible form - a requirement that a digital format can fulfil far more effectively. This work proposes a concept of rational packaging comprising the replacement of the paper leaflet with an electronic version accessible via a QR code placed on the box or blister, together with the use of the biodegradable polymer PLA (polylactic acid) as the blister material. A survey of 153 respondents revealed that 72% do not read leaflets in full, 68% are willing to use a QR code, and 65% support a complete transition to electronic format. A comparative economic calculation of three packaging prototypes identified a saving of RUB 10.6 per unit when transitioning to digital format without changing the blister material, equivalent to more than RUB 1,060,000 and approximately 290,000 sheets of paper saved per batch of 100,000 units. Comparison with international research confirms the universal nature of the identified problems and the validity of the proposed solutions, which comply with GOST 17768-90, Federal Law No. 61-FZ, the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (14th edition), and align with European Medicines Agency and FDA documents on electronic patient information.
Interstellar dust plays a fundamental role in regulating the physical and chemical evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM) and star-forming regions across different galaxy types. This study presents a physical framework describing how dust grains influence star formation through a coupled sequence of radiative, chemical, and magnetohydrodynamic processes.
Dust grains efficiently absorb ultraviolet and optical radiation and re-emit the energy in the infrared, modifying the thermal balance of the surrounding gas. Dust surfaces also facilitate recombination by capturing free electrons and ions, decreasing the ionization fraction of the medium. This reduction in ionization weakens the coupling between neutral gas and magnetic fields, enhancing ambipolar diffusion and reducing magnetic support against gravitational collapse.
The associated decrease in gas temperature lowers the Jeans mass, enabling instability at smaller mass scales, while the mass-to-magnetic-flux ratio approaches or exceeds the critical threshold marking the transition to gravitationally dominated collapse.
Comparative analysis of infrared emission from three galaxies of different morphological type—the spiral galaxy NGC 628, the elliptical galaxy NGC 1399, and the irregular galaxy NGC 1427A—supports this sequence, showing that dust-rich systems display structured emission consistent with active star formation, whereas the dust-poor elliptical galaxy shows diffuse emission consistent with suppressed star formation.
This framework demonstrates that interstellar dust acts as an active regulator of star formation rather than a passive component of the interstellar medium.
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Interstellar dust plays a fundamental role in regulating the physical and chemical evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM) and star-forming regions across different galaxy types. This study presents a physical framework describing how dust grains influence star formation through a coupled sequence of radiative, chemical, and magnetohydrodynamic processes.
Dust grains efficiently absorb ultraviolet and optical radiation and re-emit the energy in the infrared, modifying the thermal balance of the surrounding gas. Dust surfaces also facilitate recombination by capturing free electrons and ions, decreasing the ionization fraction of the medium. This reduction in ionization weakens the coupling between neutral gas and magnetic fields, enhancing ambipolar diffusion and reducing magnetic support against gravitational collapse.
The associated decrease in gas temperature lowers the Jeans mass, enabling instability at smaller mass scales, while the mass-to-magnetic-flux ratio approaches or exceeds the critical threshold marking the transition to gravitationally dominated collapse.
Comparative analysis of infrared emission from three galaxies of different morphological type—the spiral galaxy NGC 628, the elliptical galaxy NGC 1399, and the irregular galaxy NGC 1427A—supports this sequence, showing that dust-rich systems display structured emission consistent with active star formation, whereas the dust-poor elliptical galaxy shows diffuse emission consistent with suppressed star formation.
This framework demonstrates that interstellar dust acts as an active regulator of star formation rather than a passive component of the interstellar medium.
This note proposes a phenomenological interpretation of magnetically driven bouncy structures in galactic disks based on the competition be tween advective transport and magnetic diffusion. The system is charac terized by the magnetic Reynolds number, defined as the product of char acteristic velocity and length divided by magnetic diffusivity. Enhanced conductivity and shear-driven flows increase this quantity, favoring mag netic field amplification over dissipation. In barred galaxy environments, strong velocity shear amplifies mag netic fields through induction effects, leading to localized increases in magnetic and turbulent pressure. When combined with reduced effec tive density, the Alfven speed increases, enabling more efficient transport of energy along magnetic field lines. The resulting imbalance between magnetic pressure, turbulence, and gravitational confinement may generate transient vertical expansion re gions referred to as bouncy regimes, accompanied by synchrotron emission and particle energization. These regions can act as channels for filament formation and disk-halo outflows in strongly magnetized, shear dominated galactic systems.
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This note proposes a phenomenological interpretation of magnetically driven bouncy structures in galactic disks based on the competition be tween advective transport and magnetic diffusion. The system is charac terized by the magnetic Reynolds number, defined as the product of char acteristic velocity and length divided by magnetic diffusivity. Enhanced conductivity and shear-driven flows increase this quantity, favoring mag netic field amplification over dissipation. In barred galaxy environments, strong velocity shear amplifies mag netic fields through induction effects, leading to localized increases in magnetic and turbulent pressure. When combined with reduced effec tive density, the Alfven speed increases, enabling more efficient transport of energy along magnetic field lines. The resulting imbalance between magnetic pressure, turbulence, and gravitational confinement may generate transient vertical expansion re gions referred to as bouncy regimes, accompanied by synchrotron emission and particle energization. These regions can act as channels for filament formation and disk-halo outflows in strongly magnetized, shear dominated galactic systems.
The legal concept of sexual consent forms the foundation of sexual offence legislation, yet its definition and application differ significantly across jurisdictions. These differences influence judicial interpretation, legal certainty, and public understanding of individual rights and responsibilities. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks governing sexual consent in India, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. It examines statutory definitions, judicial interpretation, and the extent to which each jurisdiction adopts an autonomy-based approach to consent. While Indian law provides a statutory definition of consent, its practical application is complicated by overlapping legislation, age-based provisions, and exceptions relating to marital relationships. In contrast, the legal frameworks of the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia define consent more explicitly as voluntary, informed, and ongoing agreement, placing greater emphasis on personal autonomy and affirmative participation. Through comparative legal analysis, this study argues that clearer and more consistent definitions of consent contribute to greater legal certainty, improved judicial consistency, and enhanced public understanding. The findings highlight the importance of coherent legal standards in strengthening access to justice and promoting the protection of sexual autonomy.
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The legal concept of sexual consent forms the foundation of sexual offence legislation, yet its definition and application differ significantly across jurisdictions. These differences influence judicial interpretation, legal certainty, and public understanding of individual rights and responsibilities. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks governing sexual consent in India, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. It examines statutory definitions, judicial interpretation, and the extent to which each jurisdiction adopts an autonomy-based approach to consent. While Indian law provides a statutory definition of consent, its practical application is complicated by overlapping legislation, age-based provisions, and exceptions relating to marital relationships. In contrast, the legal frameworks of the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia define consent more explicitly as voluntary, informed, and ongoing agreement, placing greater emphasis on personal autonomy and affirmative participation. Through comparative legal analysis, this study argues that clearer and more consistent definitions of consent contribute to greater legal certainty, improved judicial consistency, and enhanced public understanding. The findings highlight the importance of coherent legal standards in strengthening access to justice and promoting the protection of sexual autonomy.
Ethiopia’s transition toward a knowledge-based economy has created new opportunities for digital growth, yet small and medium enterprises in Addis Ababa continue to face a significant gap in artificial intelligence adoption. This study uses a qualitative systematic review and the Technology-Organization-Environment framework to synthesise evidence from 2024–2026 institutional and policy sources. The findings show that the main barriers are technological, including high hardware costs and limited access to local-language data; organisational, including low digital literacy and talent shortages; and environmental, including a weak private-sector AI ecosystem and compliance uncertainty. The paper concludes that Ethiopia’s next phase of digital policy should move beyond infrastructure expansion and focus on SME enablement through fiscal support, open local datasets, and affordable AI services.
361 views 267 downloads 64 citations
Ethiopia’s transition toward a knowledge-based economy has created new opportunities for digital growth, yet small and medium enterprises in Addis Ababa continue to face a significant gap in artificial intelligence adoption. This study uses a qualitative systematic review and the Technology-Organization-Environment framework to synthesise evidence from 2024–2026 institutional and policy sources. The findings show that the main barriers are technological, including high hardware costs and limited access to local-language data; organisational, including low digital literacy and talent shortages; and environmental, including a weak private-sector AI ecosystem and compliance uncertainty. The paper concludes that Ethiopia’s next phase of digital policy should move beyond infrastructure expansion and focus on SME enablement through fiscal support, open local datasets, and affordable AI services.
This research explores the relationship between the soul and consciousness through a new concept based on the fabrics of normal and inverted spacetime. The concept builds on earlier theoretical work, including the Theory of Everything and the Law of the Universe. In this framework, the soul is not identical to consciousness; rather, the soul is proposed as a normal spacetime fabric that moves from the future toward the past and tends toward order, reducing entropy within living cells. This idea aligns with the observation by Erwin Schrödinger that living systems maintain lower entropy.
Consciousness, in contrast, is described as an inverted spacetime fabric that moves from the past toward the future, increasing entropy. The interaction between these two fabrics produces the present moment. Human perception of the present exists within a balance between the states of the individual, the planet, and the universe. Within this framework, consciousness and the soul are not fixed entities but dynamic processes whose interaction shapes awareness, entropy, and the experience of time.
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This research explores the relationship between the soul and consciousness through a new concept based on the fabrics of normal and inverted spacetime. The concept builds on earlier theoretical work, including the Theory of Everything and the Law of the Universe. In this framework, the soul is not identical to consciousness; rather, the soul is proposed as a normal spacetime fabric that moves from the future toward the past and tends toward order, reducing entropy within living cells. This idea aligns with the observation by Erwin Schrödinger that living systems maintain lower entropy.
Consciousness, in contrast, is described as an inverted spacetime fabric that moves from the past toward the future, increasing entropy. The interaction between these two fabrics produces the present moment. Human perception of the present exists within a balance between the states of the individual, the planet, and the universe. Within this framework, consciousness and the soul are not fixed entities but dynamic processes whose interaction shapes awareness, entropy, and the experience of time.
This research presents a new vision and new ideas to explain the regeneration of the universe, depending on the dynamic relationship between the two opposite space-time fabrics: the normal space-time fabric that moves from anthrop to regularity or from the future to the past and the reverse space-time fabric that moves from the past to the future. Or from the system to the entropy. The idea stems from the fact that the beginning of the universe was not just an explosion of energy; it occurred as a result of a severe crowding of wormholes at a critical point because the difference between the two spacecraft is very large and very enormous, which led to the formation of wormholes to bring the difference closer, which led to its intense crowding and explosion at a very small point, which led to the formation of the remnants of wormholes, which are photons. The inverse was larger and more spacious before the explosion, as this led to the superiority of the ordinary material after the explosion because the reverse spacetime tissue is decomposed by the antimatter faster than the regular material, unlike the normal spacetime tissue in which the decomposition occurs. The regular substance is faster than the decomposition of the antibody after this explosion. Some wormhole holes started to form again, but at a very lower percentage than those before the explosion. This part evolved to form black holes, as the antimatter is retained as a result of the presence of the normal space-time tissue inside due to the wormhole, while these holes continue to pull the normal space-time fabric, and the blocks begin to form through the movement of the normal space-time tissue. The universe continues to regenerate through these processes, and it also studies how every time the universe is renewed, it is faster than the time before, which leads to a point in the end. Ordinary to maintain space-time expansion. The research also presents a model of a cosmic law taken from my previous research, the first research, the theory of everything, and the law of the universe. The second research modification of relativity and the third research how the universe speaks through consciousness. It links the two tissues with the expansion mechanisms of matter and antimatter, as well as the suggestion of an engine that relies on the dynamic difference between the two spacecraft to produce energy, through which we work to reach a very, very high speed, and this is an equation to achieve this: Eₙ = M × (Δx)²/t²
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This research presents a new vision and new ideas to explain the regeneration of the universe, depending on the dynamic relationship between the two opposite space-time fabrics: the normal space-time fabric that moves from anthrop to regularity or from the future to the past and the reverse space-time fabric that moves from the past to the future. Or from the system to the entropy. The idea stems from the fact that the beginning of the universe was not just an explosion of energy; it occurred as a result of a severe crowding of wormholes at a critical point because the difference between the two spacecraft is very large and very enormous, which led to the formation of wormholes to bring the difference closer, which led to its intense crowding and explosion at a very small point, which led to the formation of the remnants of wormholes, which are photons. The inverse was larger and more spacious before the explosion, as this led to the superiority of the ordinary material after the explosion because the reverse spacetime tissue is decomposed by the antimatter faster than the regular material, unlike the normal spacetime tissue in which the decomposition occurs. The regular substance is faster than the decomposition of the antibody after this explosion. Some wormhole holes started to form again, but at a very lower percentage than those before the explosion. This part evolved to form black holes, as the antimatter is retained as a result of the presence of the normal space-time tissue inside due to the wormhole, while these holes continue to pull the normal space-time fabric, and the blocks begin to form through the movement of the normal space-time tissue. The universe continues to regenerate through these processes, and it also studies how every time the universe is renewed, it is faster than the time before, which leads to a point in the end. Ordinary to maintain space-time expansion. The research also presents a model of a cosmic law taken from my previous research, the first research, the theory of everything, and the law of the universe. The second research modification of relativity and the third research how the universe speaks through consciousness. It links the two tissues with the expansion mechanisms of matter and antimatter, as well as the suggestion of an engine that relies on the dynamic difference between the two spacecraft to produce energy, through which we work to reach a very, very high speed, and this is an equation to achieve this: Eₙ = M × (Δx)²/t²
This paper proposes a unified physical model in which consciousness, life, and cosmic structure emerge from the dynamic interaction between two opposing spacetime fabrics. Using the Time–Energy Equation, E<sub>T</sub> = √2M × (Δx)²/t², the model frames human consciousness as a quantized process governed by belief, environment, focus, and will. It further draws a direct analogy between thought formation in the human brain and the origin of the universe.
411 views 142 downloads 67 citations
This paper proposes a unified physical model in which consciousness, life, and cosmic structure emerge from the dynamic interaction between two opposing spacetime fabrics. Using the Time–Energy Equation, E<sub>T</sub> = √2M × (Δx)²/t², the model frames human consciousness as a quantized process governed by belief, environment, focus, and will. It further draws a direct analogy between thought formation in the human brain and the origin of the universe.
This manuscript presents the "Law of the Universe," a theoretical framework proposing that time is the fundamental source of energy and that spacetime consists of two opposing fabrics—normal and inverted—whose dynamic interaction gives rise to gravity, cosmic expansion, dark matter, and the generation of matter and antimatter. The model aims to bridge the gap between general relativity and quantum mechanics through a unified mathematical relationship.
398 views 141 downloads 59 citations
This manuscript presents the "Law of the Universe," a theoretical framework proposing that time is the fundamental source of energy and that spacetime consists of two opposing fabrics—normal and inverted—whose dynamic interaction gives rise to gravity, cosmic expansion, dark matter, and the generation of matter and antimatter. The model aims to bridge the gap between general relativity and quantum mechanics through a unified mathematical relationship.
This paper presents a comprehensive and novel vision of the Modern Microbiota Revolution, in which microorganisms are transformed from passive biological elements into intelligent engineering systems capable of meaningfully improving human life. This vision leverages the biological principles of microorganisms — including their metabolic and excretory processes — and integrates them with environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable technologies applicable to fields such as construction materials, infrastructure, and modern automotive systems. Specifically, the framework proposes the development of self-healing materials and systems in paints, asphalt, and water pipes, as well as biologically inspired energy-transfer mechanisms modelled on chloroplasts. Through the integration of calcium carbonate-precipitating bacteria, biologically inspired energy-transport systems, and protective living layers in water networks and infrastructure, this research opens new horizons for designing sustainable technologies that reduce resource consumption, protect the environment, and enhance the performance and efficiency of vehicles and public utilities. Beyond the theoretical level, this paper proposes innovative application mechanisms to serve as a cornerstone for a future in which microorganisms function as practical, intelligent elements within infrastructure and modern technology, achieving a synthesis of microbial vitality, sustainability, and efficiency.
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This paper presents a comprehensive and novel vision of the Modern Microbiota Revolution, in which microorganisms are transformed from passive biological elements into intelligent engineering systems capable of meaningfully improving human life. This vision leverages the biological principles of microorganisms — including their metabolic and excretory processes — and integrates them with environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable technologies applicable to fields such as construction materials, infrastructure, and modern automotive systems. Specifically, the framework proposes the development of self-healing materials and systems in paints, asphalt, and water pipes, as well as biologically inspired energy-transfer mechanisms modelled on chloroplasts. Through the integration of calcium carbonate-precipitating bacteria, biologically inspired energy-transport systems, and protective living layers in water networks and infrastructure, this research opens new horizons for designing sustainable technologies that reduce resource consumption, protect the environment, and enhance the performance and efficiency of vehicles and public utilities. Beyond the theoretical level, this paper proposes innovative application mechanisms to serve as a cornerstone for a future in which microorganisms function as practical, intelligent elements within infrastructure and modern technology, achieving a synthesis of microbial vitality, sustainability, and efficiency.
Maladaptive daydreaming is a frequently misunderstood psychological state in which vivid, immersive fantasy begins to displace real-world functioning. While often dismissed as an overactive imagination, prolonged engagement in internal fantasy worlds may trigger a significant psychological consequence: emotional anaesthesia. This state is characterised by persistent numbness, detachment, and reduced affective responsiveness.
This paper explores the conceptual relationship between maladaptive daydreaming and emotional anaesthesia within adolescents. By examining reward circuitry, dopaminergic stimulation, and avoidance-based coping strategies, it argues that excessive fantasy engagement may dysregulate emotional processing while diminishing sensitivity to real-world experiences. Over time, this can produce a self-perpetuating cycle of emotional withdrawal.
This research seeks to reposition maladaptive daydreaming as a significant, though under-recognised, contributor to emotional numbness in modern youth.
320 views 153 downloads 66 citations
Maladaptive daydreaming is a frequently misunderstood psychological state in which vivid, immersive fantasy begins to displace real-world functioning. While often dismissed as an overactive imagination, prolonged engagement in internal fantasy worlds may trigger a significant psychological consequence: emotional anaesthesia. This state is characterised by persistent numbness, detachment, and reduced affective responsiveness.
This paper explores the conceptual relationship between maladaptive daydreaming and emotional anaesthesia within adolescents. By examining reward circuitry, dopaminergic stimulation, and avoidance-based coping strategies, it argues that excessive fantasy engagement may dysregulate emotional processing while diminishing sensitivity to real-world experiences. Over time, this can produce a self-perpetuating cycle of emotional withdrawal.
This research seeks to reposition maladaptive daydreaming as a significant, though under-recognised, contributor to emotional numbness in modern youth.
This study evaluates the performance of publicly accessible deepfake detection tools on 20 viral political and celebrity videos. Deepfakes pose serious risks to public trust and information integrity, yet the reliability of off-the-shelf detection tools for identifying real-world deepfakes remains unclear. We hypothesised that publicly available detectors would show inconsistent accuracy and produce both false positives and false negatives when applied to in-the-wild videos. To test this, we evaluated 20 viral clips (10 confirmed deepfakes, 10 authentic controls) using two public detection platforms: Deepware AI Scanner and UB Media Forensics Lab's DeepFake-O-Meter. We recorded ensemble and per-model likelihoods across more than ten detectors. Results revealed substantial cross-platform disagreement and significant inconsistencies, including frequent false positives and false negatives. One platform's ensemble flagged only a minority of confirmed deepfakes while the research platform produced extreme per-model score variance, so that sensitivity depended strongly on how an intermediate "Suspicious" label was treated. Depending on the binary mapping used, measured sensitivity varied widely while specificity remained high for this sample. Our results demonstrate the shortcomings of existing detection technologies and the pressing need for more reliable, transparent, and strong deepfake forensic techniques. We conclude that current public detectors provide useful signals but are not yet reliable as sole arbiters of authenticity for viral content. We recommend publishing full per-video numeric outputs, versioned model identifiers, and pairing automated screening with human expert review.
312 views 186 downloads 58 citations
This study evaluates the performance of publicly accessible deepfake detection tools on 20 viral political and celebrity videos. Deepfakes pose serious risks to public trust and information integrity, yet the reliability of off-the-shelf detection tools for identifying real-world deepfakes remains unclear. We hypothesised that publicly available detectors would show inconsistent accuracy and produce both false positives and false negatives when applied to in-the-wild videos. To test this, we evaluated 20 viral clips (10 confirmed deepfakes, 10 authentic controls) using two public detection platforms: Deepware AI Scanner and UB Media Forensics Lab's DeepFake-O-Meter. We recorded ensemble and per-model likelihoods across more than ten detectors. Results revealed substantial cross-platform disagreement and significant inconsistencies, including frequent false positives and false negatives. One platform's ensemble flagged only a minority of confirmed deepfakes while the research platform produced extreme per-model score variance, so that sensitivity depended strongly on how an intermediate "Suspicious" label was treated. Depending on the binary mapping used, measured sensitivity varied widely while specificity remained high for this sample. Our results demonstrate the shortcomings of existing detection technologies and the pressing need for more reliable, transparent, and strong deepfake forensic techniques. We conclude that current public detectors provide useful signals but are not yet reliable as sole arbiters of authenticity for viral content. We recommend publishing full per-video numeric outputs, versioned model identifiers, and pairing automated screening with human expert review.
This paper presents the development of a novel integrated system that combines magnetocaloric cooling with thermomagnetic energy recovery for data center applications. The proposed technology leverages the magnetocaloric effect to provide efficient solid-state cooling while simultaneously recovering waste heat through thermomagnetic power generation. This dual-purpose approach addresses two critical challenges in modern data centers: reducing cooling energy consumption and converting low-grade waste heat into usable electricity. As data centers continue to consume increasing amounts of energy, particularly with the rapid growth of AI workloads, this integrated cooling and energy recovery system offers significant advantages over conventional cooling technologies. The implementation of magnetocaloric technology has the potential to reduce cooling energy demands by approximately 50% while recovering an estimated 20–30% of waste heat as electrical energy, moving data centers closer to a Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of 1.0. This paper outlines the underlying scientific principles, system architecture, development methodology, and expected performance metrics of a prototype demonstration system.
555 views 188 downloads 78 citations
This paper presents the development of a novel integrated system that combines magnetocaloric cooling with thermomagnetic energy recovery for data center applications. The proposed technology leverages the magnetocaloric effect to provide efficient solid-state cooling while simultaneously recovering waste heat through thermomagnetic power generation. This dual-purpose approach addresses two critical challenges in modern data centers: reducing cooling energy consumption and converting low-grade waste heat into usable electricity. As data centers continue to consume increasing amounts of energy, particularly with the rapid growth of AI workloads, this integrated cooling and energy recovery system offers significant advantages over conventional cooling technologies. The implementation of magnetocaloric technology has the potential to reduce cooling energy demands by approximately 50% while recovering an estimated 20–30% of waste heat as electrical energy, moving data centers closer to a Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of 1.0. This paper outlines the underlying scientific principles, system architecture, development methodology, and expected performance metrics of a prototype demonstration system.
This is written by a person named Lilly who is currently living in a censored part of the world - Russia. This document provides a detailed personal and historical account of LGBTQ+ life in Russia from the 1990s to the present. It explores the evolving societal attitudes, legal changes, and political shifts affecting the queer and transgender communities. From the initial openness of the 1990s amid post-Soviet turmoil to the increasing government restrictions in the 2010s and the severe repression of trans rights following the war, this text offers a firsthand perspective on survival, resilience, and the struggle for identity in an increasingly hostile environment.
277 views 147 downloads 66 citations
This is written by a person named Lilly who is currently living in a censored part of the world - Russia. This document provides a detailed personal and historical account of LGBTQ+ life in Russia from the 1990s to the present. It explores the evolving societal attitudes, legal changes, and political shifts affecting the queer and transgender communities. From the initial openness of the 1990s amid post-Soviet turmoil to the increasing government restrictions in the 2010s and the severe repression of trans rights following the war, this text offers a firsthand perspective on survival, resilience, and the struggle for identity in an increasingly hostile environment.
The advent of deepfake technology, which uses artificial intelligence to create hyper-realistic fabricated video and audio, has introduced significant challenges for social media platforms and their users. This paper explores the harms of deepfakes, including the erosion of trust in digital media, the potential for political manipulation, the facilitation of cyberbullying, and threats to personal privacy. The study further examines potential solutions, including limiting access to artificial intelligence where appropriate and emphasizing the urgent need for effective countermeasures. To mitigate these threats, the paper proposes a comprehensive approach involving technological solutions, policy interventions, law enforcement, and public education. Specifically, advancements in deepfake detection algorithms, robust regulatory frameworks, and increased digital literacy are presented as essential strategies for combating the proliferation of deepfakes across social media platforms.
373 views 149 downloads 63 citations
The advent of deepfake technology, which uses artificial intelligence to create hyper-realistic fabricated video and audio, has introduced significant challenges for social media platforms and their users. This paper explores the harms of deepfakes, including the erosion of trust in digital media, the potential for political manipulation, the facilitation of cyberbullying, and threats to personal privacy. The study further examines potential solutions, including limiting access to artificial intelligence where appropriate and emphasizing the urgent need for effective countermeasures. To mitigate these threats, the paper proposes a comprehensive approach involving technological solutions, policy interventions, law enforcement, and public education. Specifically, advancements in deepfake detection algorithms, robust regulatory frameworks, and increased digital literacy are presented as essential strategies for combating the proliferation of deepfakes across social media platforms.
Institution of Engineers India, Prof. J.K. Choudhury, Dr. P.C. Kejariwal
A pioneering experimental investigation into the phantom leaf effect using high-frequency, high-voltage Kirlian photography (bioelectrography). The study observes and records coronal discharge patterns and electro-luminescence following the excision of leaf sections, evaluating the physical, dielectric, and atmospheric factors influencing phantom bio-plasma images.
248 views 54 downloads 27 citations
A pioneering experimental investigation into the phantom leaf effect using high-frequency, high-voltage Kirlian photography (bioelectrography). The study observes and records coronal discharge patterns and electro-luminescence following the excision of leaf sections, evaluating the physical, dielectric, and atmospheric factors influencing phantom bio-plasma images.
